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A genetic structure analysis of mtDNA COⅠ gene sequence of Anopheles sinensis populations in Yunnan province, China

ZENG Xu-can, XU Xiang, YANG Rui, WEI Chun, WU Lin-bo, LUO Chun-hai, SUN Xiao-dong

Abstract （271）

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Objective To explore the genetic variation and population structure of Anopheles sinensis by analyzing the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunitⅠ(mtDNA COⅠ) gene of An. sinensis in Yunnan province, China. Methods From 2018 to 2019, mosquito trap lamps (Gongfu Xiaoshuai) were used to collect mosquitoes in six sampling sites, namely, Suijiang, Mengla, Tengchong, Luoping, Yuanjiang, and Funing. After the mosquitoes were identified as An. sinensis via morphology and molecular biology, the mitochondrial COⅠ gene was amplified and sequenced. MEGA 6 software was used to analyze the sequencing results, and DnaSP5 software was used to calculate the polymorphism-related indices and perform the mismatch analysis of An. sinensis populations from various areas. Arlequin 3.5.2.2 software was used to perform the analysis of molecular variance and neutrality tests and calculate the genetic differentiation ( F_ST values) and the number of migrants ( Nm values). Results In this study, 210 samples were successfully amplified from 6 An. sinensis populations (from six sampling sites) and there were 96 haplotypes. The haplotype diversity was 0.97 and nucleotide diversity was 0.011; the intra-population variation rate was 90.80% and the inter-population variation rate was 9.20%. Suijiang and Luoping had the highest F_ST value (0.21) and the lowest Nm (0.96). Apart from Tengchong, the Tajima's D values in other places were negative, and the P values were all greater than 0.05. The mismatch analysis showed that the curve had two peaks. Conclusion There is abundant genetic diversity among An. sinensis populations in Yunnan province and the rate of intra-population variation is greater than that of inter-population variation. Genetic differentiation is observed in Suijiang and Luoping, with no genetic differentiation observed in other areas. There is no population expansion of An. sinensis in Yunnan province recently.

2021, 32 (3): 265-270. doi: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.03.002

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An analysis of the spatial -temporal distribution characteristics of Japanese encephalitis in Yunnan province, China, 2009-2018

LU Na, WEI Chun, DING Chun-li, ZHOU Xing-wu, WU Chao, ZHOU Hong-ning

Abstract （318）

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Objective To analyze the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of Japanese encephalitis in Yunnan province, China, from 2009 to 2018, and to provide a basis for formulating the strategies of Japanese encephalitis prevention and control. Methods The data of Japanese encephalitis cases in Yunnan province from 2009 to 2018 were collected. Excel 2010 software was used to make statistics and plot the temporal distribution of Japanese encephalitis cases. ArcGIS 10.6 software was used to plot the spatial distribution of Japanese encephalitis cases. SaTScan 9.4.2 software was used to scan and analyze the spatial, temporal, and spatial-temporal distributions of Japanese encephalitis cases. Results A total of 2 091 cases of Japanese encephalitis were reported by 125 counties (districts) from 2009 to 2018. Via the spatial analysis alone, it was found that there were mainly five clusters of Japanese encephalitis cases, which were distributed in 33 counties of Xishuangbanna Dai autonomous prefecture, Pu'er city, Honghe Hani and Yi autonomous prefecture, Zhaotong city, Wenshan Zhuang and Miao autonomous prefecture, Dehong Dai and Jingpo autonomous prefecture, and Kunming city. Via the temporal analysis alone, it was shown that the Japanese encephalitis cases were concentrated in June to September. Via the spatial-temporal analysis, it was shown that there was only one cluster of Japanese encephalitis cases, which was mainly distributed in 8 counties of Zhaotong city, Daguan, Yongshan, Yanjin, Zhaoyang, Shuifu, Suijiang, Ludian, and Zhenxiong, and the cases were concentrated in August to September. Conclusion The incidence of Japanese encephalitis in Yunnan province had spatial-temporal clustering from 2009 to 2018, and it was mainly concentrated in the northeast of Yunnan province. The relevant departments in the northeast of Yunnan province should further strengthen the local Japanese encephalitis surveillance and prevention and control measures.

2021, 32 (1): 81-84. doi: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2021.01.017

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A study of the taxonomy and fauna of Siphonaptera in Tibet autonomous region, China III. Description of female Genoneopsylla zhiyini Wu, Ge et Lan (Siphonaptera:Ctenophthalmidae)

DENGZENG Duo-jie, WEN Xiang-bing, BA Sang, MA Bing-cheng, YANG Xiao-dong, XU Xiang, LI Chun-fu, WEI Chun, ZHOU Hong-ning, GONG Zheng-da

Abstract （266）

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Objective To investigate the fauna and distribution of fleas in the southeast of Tibet autonomous region, and to provide a basis for further research on flea fauna in the region. Methods Linzhi in the southeast of Tibet was taken as the area for research, and the small mammals and their parasitic fleas in the farming areas of different altitudes were taken as the study subjects; the small mammals were captured using large-size mouse traps and their parasitic fleas were investigated and sampled, and the obtained specimens were classified and identified in the laboratory. Results From the specimens of the genus Genoneopsylla Wu, Wu et Liu, 1966, female specimens of G.zhiyini Wu, Ge et Lan, 2003 were identified for the first time. The morphology and characteristics of the female flea species were described in this article. Conclusion Up to now, four species of the genus Genoneopsylla distributed in Tibet have been identified. With increasing investigation and taxonomic study of the fleas, the number of species of the genus will become larger.

2020, 31 (5): 593-595. doi: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.05.018

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Investigations of indoor mosquito community characteristics and seasonal fluctuation in the southern area of Yunnan province

WANG Jian, JIANG Jin-yong, NIE Zhi-jian, YANG Ming-dong, YANG Rui, WEI Chun, CHEN Ran, SUN Ying, DONG Li-min

Abstract （397）

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Objective To study the characteristics of indoor mosquitoes, community composition, diversity, and seasonality in the south of Yunnan province, and to prevent local arbovirus infectious diseases. Methods In a village of Dai in Menghai county of Xishuangbanna prefecture in the north of Yunnan province, mosquitoes were captured by overnight trapping with ovitrap light and counted by species from June to October in 2014. Results Total of 15 391 mosquitoes were captured and were classified into 16 species of 5 genus in 3 subfamilies. The predominant species were Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Anopheles sinensis, the predominant index of them were 69.62 and 49.39(D>40). The sub-predominant species were An. argyropus, Cx. pseudovishnui, Cx. fatigans, An. peditaeniatus and An. minimus, the predominant index were 33.71, 31.79, 30.11, 16.88, and 16.48, respectively(D>10). Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson dominance index and Pielo evenness index were 1.47, 0.29, and 0.53, respectively. Statistically analysis found that Cx. tritaeniorhynchus and An. sinensis, Cx. pseudovishnui and An. argyropus, An. peditaeniatus and An. minimus with better fitness. The peak months of indoor mosquitoes were July, August and September. Conclusion The indoor mosquitoes species in the south of Yunnan province were rich with complicated composition of community and approximately equal distribution of the predominant species. The species density of mosquitoes was high and the peak population density lasted for an extended period of time.

2017, 28 (1): 42-45. doi: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2017.01.012

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Surveillance and control of imported dengue cases in Yunnan from 2004 to 2014

JIANG Jin-yong, GUO Xiao-fang, TANG Ye-rong, YANG Ming-dong, WEI Chun, ZHOU Hong-ning

Abstract （514）

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Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of imported dengue cases in Yunnan during 2004-2014, and provide the scientific information for the effective strategies of dengue control and prevention. Methods The data of imported dengue cases were collected from China Information System for Diseases Control and Prevention during 2004 to 2014. A database was established to analyze the epidemiological characteristics with method of descriptive epidemiology; dengue serotype was detected by RT-PCR.Results From 2004 to 2014, a total of imported cases were 629 (629/2 192, 28.70%) in Yunnan; The imported cases of dengue were mainly reported in Dehong Prefecture (341 cases), Xishuangbanna Prefecture (159 cases) and Kunming city (108 cases); The cases were reported every month, but 85.37% (537/629) of the cases were imported between August and November. Male cases were much more than female, 419 and 210 cases respectively. The occupations of cases mainly were business service people (165 cases), farmers (134 cases) and students (72 cases). Most cases were imported from Myanmar (403 cases) and Laos (132 cases). Four (4) dengue serotypes were found from imported cases; of those DEN-3 was the major type in those from Laos, and DEN-1 in those from Myanmar. Conclusion The imported dengue cases have been on rise in Yunnan, and their major concerns are the border areas with Laos and Myanmar. The above results suggested that colloborative efforts from various agencies should be strengthened to monitor border imported dengue cases in case of dengue outbreak.

2016, 27 (1): 5-8. doi: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.4692.2016.01.002

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Review of environmental-friendly public health insecticides

WANG Dong, WANG Yong-ming, WEI Chun-xiu, ZHANG Zhen, XIN Zheng

Abstract （514）

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With the social progress and economic development, people’s awareness of health and environmental protection consciousness strengthens gradually, which causes more and more need of highly hygienic insecticide. Meanwhile, the shortcoming of chemical compounds becomes increasingly critical. Botanical insecticide, microbial insecticide and insect regulators have become dominant research directions. According to the latest achievements of the 3 kinds of insecticides in vector control field, we introduced systematically their active ingredients, target pests, mode of action, the public health insecticides registered in China and their research status. The developing direction of hygienic insecticides in China was suggested as well.

2012, 23 (5): 485-488.

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A pilot study on strengthening malaria control for ethnic minorities

XU Jian-wei, WU Xian-hua, WEI Chun, Pricha Petlueng, TAO Hong, LIU Hui, XIA Min

Abstract （1026）

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Objective To explore the effective strategies for strengthening malaria control and prevention for ethnic minorities in the remote and poor mountainous areas. Methods Community mobilization, biomedical and behavioral intervention for malaria control were undertaken to promote the local residents economical, geographical, informational and cultural accessibility. Results The residents’knowledge on malaria transmission and prevention, symptoms and medical consultation got increased significantly. Compared with the parameters before the intervention，the odds ratios(OR)of people sleeping in insecticide- treated mosquito nets(ITNs)the night before the final evaluation survey, febrile patients seeking medical attention within 24 hours of onset, and utilizing the public health services for treatment were 37.85%(95％CI: 27.69%-51.88%), 22.28%(6.06%-96.87%) and 7.94%(1.78%-49.54%)respectively. The OR of the annual incidence, the smear positive rate of febrile patients and the indirect fluorescence antibody positive rate of people with a history of fever in the past year were 0.16%(0.08%-0.32%), 0.20% (0.10%-0.39%)and 0.34%(0.22%-0.51%)respectively. Conclusion Community mobilization in combination with biomedical and behavioral interventions for the control and prevention of malaria can effectively lower the incidence and prevalence of malaria in the local area.

2010, 21 (6): 527-530.

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Study on the use of insecticide?treated mosquito nets among ethnical minority residents by behavior change communication strategies

XU Jian-Wei, WU Xian-Hua, WEI Chun, Pricha Petlueng, TAO Hong

Abstract （1614）

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【Abstract】 Objective To explore the strategies promoting the use of insecticide?treated mosquito nets （ITNs）among ethnic minority residents by behavior change communication（BCC）. Methods The knowledge and awareness of target population on malaria control was increased by intensive health education. The environment leading to behavior change was created by community mobilization. High subsidies were supplied and material barriers were overcame. Results Person?net ratios were changed from 12.67∶1 to 1.64∶1 after intervention. The knowledge known by population on malaria transmission and prevention got improved significantly (P＜0.01). Proportions of people sleeping in nets were increased from 16.11％(95％ confidence interval：14.94%-17.33％) to 87.91％(84.56%-90.74%) (P＜0.01) after intervention. Conclusion BCC strategies successfully promoted corrective use of ITNs, decreasing malaria incidence and prevalence with other measures together.

2009, 20 (5): 433-435.

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Study on the Control Methods for the Quantity of Citellusdauricus Brandt in Plague Epidemic Areas

WANG Hua-bin*; WEI Chun-heng; MA Yi; et al

Abstract （1241）

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Objective:To control Citellus dauricus Brandt effectively and to control the incidence of plague for a long time.Method:The density of rodents was investigated and the areas of eliminating rodents were confirmed.Ecological and physical measures were the main method of eliminating rodents combing with rodenticides.Result:The rodent density befor treating was 13.5 holes per ten hectas.The rodent density after treating was 0.67 holes per ten hectas(the standard:<2 holes per ten hectas).The rodent control rate was 95%.Conclusion:The methods suitable for the China situation can raise the effectiveness and benefits of eliminating rodents.